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When History Becomes a Tool of Division in Nigeria

 When History Becomes a Tool of Division in Nigeria


One striking feature of Nigerian public discourse is its fixation on the past. While many societies focus on the future, debating proposals, policies, agendas, and forecasts, Nigerian conversations are often dominated by historical grievances. Discussions frequently return to Lord Lugard’s amalgamation, the civil war, the Zik–Awo rivalry, claims of ethnic superiority, or ancient inter-tribal conflicts. At times, one might think Nigeria is the only country ever amalgamated or the only nation to have experienced a civil war.


Curiously, almost every Nigerian becomes an ethnic or tribal historian, including those who would never have deemed history valuable enough to study formally. Yet this selective engagement with history is rarely aimed at understanding or reconciliation; instead, it is often used as a tool for division and mutual suspicion. In this sense, history in Nigeria is frequently deployed not to build, but to fragment. 


Consequently, Nigerians seldom unite to support their government or themselves in the task of national development and renewal.


- Emeka Esogbue

Nigerian Historian and Writer


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